Kaolinite is one of the most common  clay minerals. Kaolinite occurs in abundance in soils that have formed from the chemical weathering of rocks in hot, moist climates. It is safe, and it has many different uses such as production of paper, ceramics, tooth paste, skin creams, paints, and other uses.

Phonolite is an uncommon volcanic- rock, of intermediate chemical composition between felsic and mafic, with texture ranging from fine-grain to mixed fine- and coarse-grain. Phonolites can be of interest as dimension stone or as aggregate for gravels It can be separated into slabs of appropriate dimensions to be used as roofing tiles in place of roofing slate, and commonly it uses in ceramic industries.

Bentonite is an absorbent aluminum silicates consisting mostly of montmorillonite which is very soft phyllosilicate group. It has different uses in different industries such as drilling mud, binder it has been widely used as a foundry-sand bond in iron and steel foundries, purification such as using it for decolorizing various mineral, vegetable, and animal oils, absorbent (it  is used in a variety of pet care items such as cat litter to absorb the odor and surround the feces. It is also used to absorb oils and grease) groundwater barrier(The property of swelling on contact with water makes  it useful as a sealant), medical (it can also be used as a desiccant due to its adsorption properties and bentonite desiccants offer a higher adsorption capacity than silica gel desiccants. It complies with the FDA for contact with food and drugs).

It  is a finely-grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with traces of metal oxides and organic matter.

Clay uses in many industries such as; ceramic. Bricks, cooking pots, art objects, dishware, and even musical instruments such as the ocarina can all be shaped from clay before being fired. Clay is also used in many industrial processes, such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtering. Clay is also often used in the manufacture of pipes for smoking tobacco.

1. a) Limestoneis a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, foramsand molluscs. Its major materials are the minerals calcite and aragonite.

   Limestone is a very popular building block, it is the only building material available, and is still very frequently used on all types of buildings and sculptures. It is also used in ceramic industry.

   1. b) Dolomite;

   It is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate. It is used as an ornamental stone, a concrete aggregate, and a source of magnesium oxide, as well as in the Pidgeon process for the production of magnesium also it is used in ceramic industries.

Is naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particlesdivided rock and mineral particles It is defined by size, being finer than gravel and coarser than silt. It is ideal for crops, glass manufacturing, ceramic industries, and other uses. 

Is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dehydrate, Gypsum board is primarily used as a finish for walls and ceilings, and is known in construction as drywall, wallboard, sheetrock or plasterboard. Gypsum blocks are used like concrete blocks in building construction, also it is used in foot creams, shampoos and other hair products.